FIRE DETECTION AND ALARM

FIRE ALARM SYSTEM

An automatic fire alarm system is designed to detect the unwanted presence of fire by monitoring environmental changes associated with combustion. In general, a fire alarm system is classified as either automatically actuated, manually actuated, or both. Automatic fire alarm systems are intended to notify the building occupants to evacuate in the event of a fire or other emergency, report the event to an off-premises location in order to summon emergency services, and to prepare the structure and associated systems to control the spread of fire and smoke.


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Handbook of Modern Sensors Physics, Designs, and Applications


A sensor is often defined as a device that receives and responds to a signal or stimulus. This definition is broad. In fact, it is so broad that it covers almost everything from a human eye to a trigger in a pistol. The operator adjusts the level of fluid in the tank by manipulating its valve. Variations in the inlet flow rate, temperature changes (these would alter the fluid’s
viscosity and, consequently, the flow rate through the valve), and similar disturbances must be compensated for by the operator.Without control, the tank is likely to flood, or run dry.

POWER PLANT ENGINEERING


A NICE BOOK FOR UNDERSTANDING POWER PLANT ENGINEERING


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NEURAL AND FUZZY LOGIC CONTROL

4000 ENGLISH WORDS FOR VOCABULARY

Protection: Signalling and Inter-tripping


Unit protection schemes, formed by a number of relays located remotely from each other, and some distance protection schemes, require some form of communication between each location in order to achieve a unit protection function. This form of communication is known as protection signalling. Additionally communications facilities are also required when remote operation of a circuit breaker is required as a result of a local event. This form of communications is known as inter-tripping. The communication messages involved may be quite simple, involving instructions for the receiving device to take some defined action (trip, block, etc.), or it may be the passing of measured data in some form from one device to another (as in a unit protection scheme). Various types of communication links are available for protection signalling, for example:

ELECTRICAL DESIGN GUIDE ACCORDING TO IEC STANDARDS



THE BEST FOR THE BEST EXECUTION OF WORK
 

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Minute Engineering: Model Traffic Signal with Arduino

Minute Engineering: Model Traffic Signal with Arduino: So now we know how to set a digital pin to be an input, we can build a project for model traffic signals using red, yellow, and green L...

Planning, Design, and Operation of Power Systems and Equipment

The supply of electrical energy at competitive prices, in suffi cient quantity and quality, and under the aspect of safe supply through reliable equipment, system structures and devices is of crucial importance for the economic development of countries and for the well - being of each individual. When planning power systems different boundary conditions must be considered, which are based on regional, structural, technical, environmental and fi nancial facts, having a considerable impact on the technical design in many cases. Each investment decision requires a particularly careful planning and investigation, to which power system engineeringand power system planning contribute substantially.



FURTHER CONTENTS ARE IN FOLLOWING FILE 

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Relay Testing and Commissioning


The testing of protection equipment schemes presents a number of problems. This is because the main function of protection equipment is solely concerned with operation under system fault conditions, and cannot readily be tested under normal system operating conditions. This situation is aggravated by the increasing complexity of protection schemes

RELAY TECHNOLOGY






The last thirty years have seen enormous changes in relay technology. The electromechanical relay in all of its different forms has been replaced successively by static, digital and numerical relays, each change bringing with it reductions and size and improvements in functionality. At the same time, reliability levels have been maintained or even improved and availability significantly increased due to techniques not available with older relay types. This represents a tremendous achievement for all those involved in relay design and manufacture. This chapter charts the course of relay technology through the years. As the purpose of the book is to describe modern protection relay practice, it is natural therefore to concentrate on digital and numerical relay technology. The vast number of electromechanical and static relays are still giving dependable service, but descriptions on the technology used must necessarily be somewhat brief.


FURTHER CONTENTS ARE IN BELOW FILE.


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THE ART OF ELECTRONICS


IT IS TIME TO BE PRACTICAL.......
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HVDC WELL PROVEN TECHNOLOGY

high-voltage, direct current (HVDCelectric power transmission system uses direct current for the bulk transmission of electrical power, in contrast with the more common alternating current systems. For long-distance transmission, HVDC systems may be less expensive and suffer lower electrical losses. Forunderwater power cables, HVDC avoids the heavy currents required by the cable capacitance. For shorter distances, the higher cost of DC conversion equipment compared to an AC system may still be warranted, due to other benefits of direct current links. HVDC allows power transmission between unsynchronized AC distribution systems, and can increase system stability by preventing cascading failures from propagating from one part of a wider power transmission grid to another.
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Practical Electronics for Inventors



Practical Electronics for Inventors gives you information you need, in a format you can work with. The simple step-by-step approach teaches the fundamentals in a way that requires no background in electronics. Packed with illustrations, the 750 hand-drawn images provide clear, detailed instructions on how to turn theoretical ideas into working real-life gadgets.
This crystal-clear, learn-as-you-go guide shows you what a particular device does, what it looks like, how it compares with similar devices, and how it is used in applications. Written by Paul Scherz, a physicist who is also an inventor and electrical hobbyist, this important reference provides beginning hobbyists and inventors with an intuitive grasp of the theoretical and practical aspects of electronics--just the kind of insight you need to get your projects up and running.  


POWER SYSTEM MEASUREMENT



The accurate measurement of the voltage, current or other parameter of a power system is a prerequisite to any form of control, ranging from automatic closed-loop control to the recording of data for statistical purposes. Measurement of these parameters can be accomplished in a variety of ways, including the use of direct-reading instruments as well as electrical measuring transducers. Transducers produce an accurate d.c. analogue output, usually a current, which corresponds to the parameter being measured (the measurand). They provide electrical isolation by transformers, sometimes referred to as ‘Galvanic Isolation’, between the input and the output. This is primarily a safety feature, but also means that the cabling from the output terminals to any receiving equipment can be light weight and have

POWER QUALITY


Over the last thirty years or so, the amount of equipment containing electronics has increased dramatically. Such equipment can both cause and be affected by electromagnetic disturbances. A disturbance that affects a process control computer in a large industrial complex could easily result in shutdown of the process.

POWER ELECTRONICS NOTES

Getting started in electronics.pdf


STRENGTHENED YOUR BASICS IN ELECTRONICS
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My Inventions Nicola Tesla's Autobiography

Minute Engineering: My Inventions Nicola Tesla's Autobiography: My Inventions Nikola Tesla's Autobiography At the age of 63 Tesla tells the story of his creative life. First published in 1919 in ...

Minute Engineering: Control car with arduino and labview

Minute Engineering: Control car with arduino and labview: This post is about to control a toy car with labview and arduino . Things you will need:

Top 10: Greatest Inventions Of All Time



Inventions are pretty useful things, in fact, inventions are very useful things. People are inventing new things all the time - unfortunately, the vast majority of inventions tend to be utterly useless; but every now and then someone comes up with something that completely changes the world and it is these few ideas that this hub is about. Now, there are, undoubtedly many equally great inventions as those on this list, but unfortunately it's had to be cut down to just 10. Things such as language have been omitted from this list for, while they are, indeed, quite useful, they were more developed out of necessity than invented; the same applies to fire - it has always been present on this earth, all we did was work out how to create it on a whim!

So what are they? Read on....

ENGINEERING CAREER FACTS

Q:Do engineers work all the time?

Ans:Engineering is an exciting profession, but one of its greatest advantages is that it will leave you time for all the other things in your life that you love!

Q:Do engineers ever work outside?

Ans:Yes!  They work in space, underwater and on land.  They may be outside to take soil or groundwater samples, supervise construction or testing equipment for firefighters.

INTRODUCTION TO MEDIACAL ELECTRONICS APPLICATIONS

Inaustrial Power Engineering and Applications Handbook

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN EARTHING AND GROUNDING

Almost both of these terms are used for same purpose, but still some how they differs.
Here are the some facts.

  1. In USA term GROUNDING  is used but in UK term EARTHING is used.
  2. GROUNDING is used where electrically excited part of network is taken in account or part of network where the currents are algebraically  zero such as VIRTUAL GROUNDING
  3. Where is the EARTHING is mostly used for the dead part of network i.e any enclouser 
  4. Term  EARTHING  is mostly used for protection purpose.

ELECTRICAL POWER DISTRIBUTION HANDBOOK

Distribution Automation Becoming Smart Grid Priority

Distribution Automation Becoming Smart Grid Priority: Utilities are placing increased emphasis on greater intelligence and control capabilities for their distribution infrastructure.

FORMULAS AND CONVERSION



LEARN FORMULAS AND GET YOUR PROBLEM SOLVED
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Minute Engineering: Follow Guiness Book Of Engineering Feats

Minute Engineering: Follow Guiness Book Of Engineering Feats: Engineering Feats World record

LABVIEW VS MATLAB


Actually, either will do, but you need both. While that may seem to be a nearly nonsensical answer, it makes a lot of sense when you think about the characteristics of the two programming paradigms –graphical and textual.
Many younger programmers think of text-based languages as old fashioned. That paradigm has, after all been around since the1940s. Those programmers are quite adept at assembling graphical objects into an interconnected construct that can do pretty much whatever the user wants. Sometimes, they recognize, the objects simply aren’t available to do what needs to be done, at which time they might be forced to do a little text-based programming.

Minute Engineering: Embed Webcam Camera in lab View

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30 fun facts about engineering, science and technology



1.      220 million tons of old computers and other technological hardware are trashed in the United States each year.
2.      A diamond will not dissolve in acid. The only thing that can destroy it is intense heat.
3.      According to Moore's Law, microchips double in power every 18 to 24 months.
4.      Albert Einstein won the Nobel Prize for physics in 1921.

BETTER SPEAKING ENGLISH (audio)

GLOBAL BLACKOUTS




LEARN ABOUT THE GLOBAL BLACKOUTS AND THEIR REASONS
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STANDARD HANDBOOK OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERIN

ELECTRIC POWER SUBSTATION ENGINEERING


As substations are very important part of the electric power system network. So lets learn about substations


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Using Analog and PWM pins of arduino with Labview ...

 Using Analog and PWM pins of arduino with Labview ...: This post is about analog and PWM pins how to use these pins with labview. Here I am going to show you how to  control brightness (Fading ...

3000 SOLVED CALCULUS PROBLEMS


IF 3000 THOUSAND PROBLEMS SOLVED THAN WHOLE OF YOUR PROBLEM IS SOLVED

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Turning On And Off LED Of Arduino Using LabView

: Turning On And Off LED Of Arduino Using LabView:
In this post  i have uploaded program of LabView that will show you how to turn on and off LED using labview

FACTS MODELING AND CONTROL

ELECTRICAL MEASUREMENT, SIGNAL PROCESSING AND DISPLAYS

ELECTRICAL ENERGY SYSTEM


THIS IS VERY KNOWLEDGEABLE BOOK ABOUT WHOLE ELECTRICAL ENERGY SYSTEM

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ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING CONCEPT AND APPLICATION

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THIS BOOK IS ABOUT THE BASIC CONCEPT AND APPLICATION OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING 

1OO1 SHOCKING SCIENCE FACTS

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                              THIS BOOK CONTAINS VERY AMAZING FACTS ABOUT SCIENCE AND THE DISCOVERIES.

How to Interface Arduino And LabView

Minute Engineering: How to Interface Arduino And LabView: There are many Arduino boards out there. A complete listing of all of them can be found here . More information about the Arduino can be f...

renewable energy source and methode

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                                                STEP TO SUSTAINABILITY.........GO GREEN

Scientists Fire World’s Most Powerful Laser and Move Closer to Developing Fusion Energy


Scientists in California fired up 192 laser beams simultaneously onto a single, tiny, two-millimeter target, producing and unbelievable 500 trillion watts of energy. To put it into context, that’s about 1,000 times more power than the entire United States uses at any given time. Scientists aren’t just firing off super-powerful lasers for fun, though; the team at the National Ignition Facility ultimately hope that by aiming the 10-story laser at a compressed pellet of hydrogen they’ll be able to kickstart a nuclear fusion reaction and produce an unlimited supply of clean energy.

POWER GENERATION OPERATION AND CONTROL BY ALLEN WOOD